1.2 World

Use this domain for words referring to the planet we live on.

What words refer to the planet we live on?

the world, earth, the Earth, the globe, the planet

What words describe something that belongs to this world?

earthly, terrestrial

What words describe something that affects the whole world?

world (adj), global, worldwide, universal

What words are used to talk about the whole world, all the countries, or all the people?

the whole world, the entire earth, all over the world, round the world,

What words refer to a part of the world?

hemisphere, North Pole, South Pole, pole, polar, polar cap, equator, tropics, tropical, continent, time zone, the Third World, the West, the East, Orient

What words refer to the study of the world?

geography, geographical, geographer, geology

1.2.1 Land

Use this domain for words referring to the ground we stand on, the earth versus the sky.

OMC Codes:

133 Topography and Geology

Louw Nida Codes:

1 Geographical Objects and Features

1F The Earth's Surface

What words refer to the land in contrast to the sea?

land (and sea), dry land, mainland, continent, inland, interior

What is the earth called in distinction to heaven or the sky?

(heaven and) earth, earth (and sky), (on the) ground

What words refer to the ground we stand on?

ground

What general words refer to the type of land in an area?

geography, topography, feature, landscape, terrain

What words refer to how high the land is?

altitude, sea level

What words refer to the surface of the earth?

surface, crust, lithosphere

1.2.1.1 Mountain

Use this domain for words related to mountains.

Louw Nida Codes:

1G Elevated Land Formations

What types of mountains are there?

mountain, mount, hill, volcano, plateau, moor, butte, crag, dome, height, highland, upland, uplift, mound, formation

What words refer to a mountain with a flat top?

plateau, mesa, tableland

What words describe land that has many mountains?

mountain range, mountainous, the hills, hilly, rolling hills, highlands

What words refer to the top of a mountain?

top, summit, peak, pinnacle

What words refer to the side of a mountain?

face, mountainside, hillside, slope, shoulder, foothill, saddle

What words refer to a steep place on a mountain?

cliff, bluff, butte, escarpment, ridge, precipice, brow, ledge

What words describe how steep a mountain is?

slope, steep, gentle, contour, gradient

What words refer to the bottom of a mountain?

foot, bottom

What words refer to snow on a mountain?

snowcap, glacier

What words refer to rocks at the bottom of a mountain?

moraine, talus

What words refer to when part of a mountain falls?

landslide, avalanche

What do people do to mountains?

climb

What words refer to a place you can travel through the mountains?

pass, tunnel

1.2.1.2 Volcano

Use this domain for words related to volcanoes.

What words refer to a volcano?

volcano, volcanic

What are the parts of a volcano?

cone, cinder cone, core of a volcano, crater, lava flow

What do volcanoes do?

erupt, eruption, spew (gas, lava, ash), explode, blow, produce a cloud, cause earthquakes, bury things (under lava, ash), smoke

What do volcanoes produce?

lava, molten lava, volcanic ash, cloud of ash, ash flow, pyroclastic flow, volcanic cinder, volcanic glass (obsidian), pumice, thunder egg

What words refer to whether a volcano is erupting or not?

active, dormant, extinct

1.2.1.3 Plain, plateau

Use this domain for words referring to land that is flat.

What words refer to land that is flat?

plain, plateau, prairie, steppe, savanna, tundra, heath, mesa, field, meadow, pasture, flatland, tableland, bottomland, lowland, level ground, lowlands

What words describe land that is flat?

flat, level, even

What words a place that is not very flat?

uneven, dip, depression, basin, rut, rutted

1.2.1.4 Valley

Use this domain for words related to valleys.

Louw Nida Codes:

1H Depressions and Holes

What types of valleys are there?

valley, ravine, gully, canyon, gulch, course, basin, channel, gorge, rift, wadi, depression

What words describe valleys?

narrow, broad, deep

1.2.1.5 Underground

Use this domain for words referring to the area under the ground, and to holes in the ground.

Louw Nida Codes:

1H Depressions and Holes

1C Regions Below the Surface of the Earth

What words refer to the area under the surface of the earth?

underground, below ground, subterranean, abyss, bedrock, core, mantle, stratum, subsoil

What words refer to natural holes in the ground?

hole, cave, cavern, grotto, opening, crack, depression, hollow, cavity, channel, chasm, cleft, cranny, crater, crevasse, crevice, depression, dip, mud hole, pit, sinkhole, mouth of a cave

What words refer to man-made holes in the ground?

conduit, culvert, ditch, foxhole, mine, pit, pothole, rut, subway, shaft, trench, trough, tunnel, well,

What words refer to a hole made by an animal?

burrow, den, foxhole, lair

What words refer to water under the ground?

aquifer, underground river

1.2.1.6 Forest, grassland, desert

Use this domain for words referring to an area of land that has particular types of plants growing in it.

What words refer to the types of plants that grow in an area?

ecosystem, vegetation

What words refer to a forest or group of trees?

forest, forested, rain forest, grove, wood, wooded, woodland, woods, thicket, jungle, taiga, orchard

What are the parts of a forest?

forest canopy, forest floor, underbrush, undergrowth, edge (of the forest), deep in the forest, backwoods, timberland

What words refer to a place in a forest where there are no trees?

meadow, clearing

What words refer to land covered by grass or bushes?

grassland, prairie, savannah, bush, moor, moorland, brush, brake, heath, scrubby, scrubland, shrubby, steppe, tundra, veldt

What words refer to land where many plants grow?

lush, dense, thick, overgrown,

What words refer to land where very few plants grow?

desert, wasteland, oasis

What words refer to land where no people live?

wilderness, uninhabited, frontier, hinterland, outback

1.2.1.7 Earthquake

Use this domain for words related to earthquakes. In some languages earthquakes are thought of as moving somewhere. In Amele (PNG) they say "mim nen" which means 'the earthquake came down (from above)'. In Northern Embera an earthquake is a "house-shaking". They say "a house-shaking went."

Louw Nida Codes:

14J Movement of the Earth x

What words refer to earthquakes?

earthquake, quake, tremor, temblor, shock, seismic, upheaval

What do earthquakes do?

rock (house, ground), shake (house, ground), crack (ground), knock down (things), cause (buildings) to collapse, ground splits, earth shifts

Where do earthquakes occur?

earthquake fault, fault line, epicenter, fissure

What words refer to a large wave caused by an earthquake?

tidal wave, tsunami,

1.2.2 Substance, matter

Use this domain for general words referring to matter--what something is made out of, or a type of solid, liquid, or gas.

Louw Nida Codes:

2 Natural Substances

What general words refer to matter?

substance, stuff, matter, material,

What words refer to something found naturally that people could use?

natural resources, raw materials

What words refer to the study of matter?

chemistry

1.2.2.1 Soil, dirt

Use this domain for words referring to soil and dirt.

OMC Codes:

134 Soil

Louw Nida Codes:

2E Earth, Mud, Sand, Rock

What words refer to soil?

soil, topsoil, earth, earthen, ground, loam, clay, dirt, dirty, sand, sandy

What words describe the quality of the soil?

fertile, infertile, poor, rich

What words refer to a piece of dirt?

clod, clump, lump (of clay), grain of sand

What words refer to dirt mixed with water?

mud, muddy, mud puddle, mire, miry, muck, goo, ooze

What does mud do?

splatter, splash, stick, squish

What words refer to dry dirt?

dust, dust cloud, dust storm

What does dust do?

raise, stir up, settle, hang in the air, fly, cling (to clothes)

What words refer to the dirt on the top of the ground with grass in it?

topsoil, sod

What words refer to soil being washed away by rain?

erode, erosion,

1.2.2.2 Rock

Use this domain for words referring to rock.

Louw Nida Codes:

2E Earth, Mud, Sand, Rock

What general words refer to a rock?

rock, stone, bedrock

What words refer to the size of a rock?

crag, rocky outcropping, boulder, rock, stone, pebble, gravel, sand, grit, powder

What types of rocks are there?

granite, sedimentary, igneous, metamorphic, pumice, shale, quartz, flint, marble, slate, chalk, sandstone

What words describe rocks?

hard, soft, sharp, smooth

What words describe ground with lots of rocks in it?

rocky, stony

What words refer to a piece of rock?

block, slab

1.2.2.3 Metal

Use this domain for words referring to metal.

Louw Nida Codes:

2G Metals

What general words refer to metal?

metal, metallic

What types of metal are there?

aluminum, barium, brass, bronze, chrome, chromium, copper, gold, iron, lead, lithium, magnesium, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, platinum, quicksilver, radium, silver, steel, tin, titanium, tungsten, uranium, zinc

What words describe metal?

shiny, luster, malleable, rust, rusty, tarnish, corrode, golden, silvery, polished, alloy, pure, karat, solid, plated

What words refer to a piece of iron that attracts other pieces of iron?

magnet, magnetic, magnetism, lodestone

1.2.2.4 Mineral

Use this domain for naturally occurring elements, compounds, and minerals--things you can find in the ground.

OMC Codes:

135 Mineral Resources

Louw Nida Codes:

2A Elements

What general words refer to minerals?

mineral, mineral resources, element, chemical, atom, crystal, ore

What types of minerals are there?

bauxite, borax, brimstone, calcium, carbon, coal, coke, feldspar, gypsum, limestone, magnetite, mica, nitrate, peat, phosphate, phosphorus, pitch, pitchblende, potash, potassium, pyrite, salt, saltpeter, silica, soda, sulfur, talc, tar

What words refer to the study of minerals?

mineralogy, mineralogist

What words refer to the formation of minerals?

mineralize, calcify, petrify, vitrify

1.2.2.5 Jewel

Use this domain for words referring to jewels and precious stones.

Louw Nida Codes:

2F Precious and Semiprecious Stones and Substances

What general words refer to jewels?

jewel, precious stone, birthstone, crystal, gem, gemstone

What types of jewels are there?

agate, amethyst, beryl, carnelian, chalcedony, chrysolite, chrysoprase, diamond, emerald, garnet, ivory, jacinth, jasper, marble, onyx, pearl, quartz, ruby, sapphire, sardonyx, topaz

What words describe jewels?

precious, semiprecious, facet, glitter, sparkle, lustrous

1.2.3 Solid, liquid, gas

Use this domain for words describing the different states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas), and words for changing from one to another.

Louw Nida Codes:

79C Solid, Liquid

What words describe the states of matter?

solid, liquid, gas

What words describe the states of water?

ice, water, steam

What words refer to solids changing into liquids?

melt, melted, melt down, molten, thaw, liquefy, soften, dissolve, soluble

What words refer to liquids changing into solids?

solidify, harden, dry, bake, freeze, thicken, stiffen, set, jell, gel, clot, coagulate, coagulation, congeal, crystallize, crystallization, precipitate, precipitation, curdle

What words refer to gases changing into liquids?

condense, condensation, dew, distill

What words refer to liquids changing into gases?

boil, evaporate, evaporation, vaporize, steam

What words refer to the temperature at which things change?

melting point, freezing point, dew point, boiling point

1.2.3.1 Liquid

Use this domain for words referring to liquids.

What general words refer to liquid?

liquid, fluid, moisture

What words describe something that is liquid?

liquid (adj), molten

What words describe liquids?

liquid (state), juicy, wet

What words describe a liquid that is almost solid?

thick, stiff, creamy, smooth, lumpy, viscid, viscous, paste, concentrated

What words refer to making a liquid thicker?

thicken, concentrate

What words refer to becoming thicker?

thicken, get thicker, set, congeal, clot

What words refer to how thick or thin a liquid is?

thickness, consistency, viscosity

What words describe a liquid that is very fluid?

fluid, watery, thin, runny, diluted

What words refer to making a liquid thinner?

dilute

What words refer to the top of a liquid?

surface

What words refer to the thick part that can form on the top of a liquid?

skin, scum, crust, slime, slimy,

What words refer to removing the thick part on top?

skim

What words describe a liquid with lumps in it?

lumpy, smooth

What words refer to bubbles in or on a liquid?

bubble (n), bubble (v), bubbly, suds, foam

1.2.3.2 Oil

Use this domain for words referring to oil.

What general words refer to oil?

oil, grease, lubricant

What types of oil are there?

petroleum, petrol, gasoline, gas, diesel, kerosene, paraffin, crude oil, mineral oil, ointment, liniment, lotion, Vaseline, glycerin

What types of oil are made from plants and animals?

vegetable oil, cream, lard, fat, wax, tallow, beeswax, soap

What words describe oil?

oily, greasy, slippery, slick, slimy, smooth, lubricating, fatty, gummy, mucous, soapy

What words refer to some oil on something?

drop of oil, oil slick, blob, glob, soap (v)

What words refer to putting oil on something?

lubricate, lubrication, lube, oil (v), anoint, rub, salve, slick, smear, grease (v)

1.2.3.3 Gas

Use this domain for words referring to gas.

What general words refer to gas?

gas, gaseous, vapor, mist, air, fume, steam, steamy, cloud (of gas), plume (of steam)

What types of gas are there?

natural gas, oxygen, carbon dioxide, ozone, hydrogen, nitrogen, helium, neon

What words describe gas?

noxious (fumes), poisonous gas

What words refer to the production of gas?

produce gas, give off fumes

What words refer to the movement of gas?

spread, drift, creep along the ground, vapor trail, rise