2.1 Body

Use this domain for general words for the whole human body, and general words for any part of the body. Use a drawing or photo to label each part. Some words may be more general than others are and include some of the other words. For instance 'head' is more general than 'face' or 'nose'. Be sure that both general and specific parts are labeled.

OMC Codes:

140 Human Biology

141 Anthropometry

142 Descriptive Somatology

Louw Nida Codes:

8 Body, Body Parts, and Body Products

8A Body

8B Parts of the Body

What words refer to the body?

body,

What words refer to the shape of a person's body?

build, figure, physique,

What general words refer to a part of the body?

part of the body, body part, anatomy, appendage, member, orifice,

What words describe something about your body?

physical, physically, bodily,

What words refer to cells?

cell, cellular, chromosome, protoplasm,

2.1.1 Head

Use this domain for the parts of the head.

What words refer to the head?

head

What are the parts of the head?

feature, scalp, back of the head, chin, temple, poll, skull, brain,

What are the parts of the face?

face, forehead, cheek, chin, cleft (in chin), dimple (in cheek), jaw,

What are the parts of the neck?

neck, nape (back of the neck), throat, Adam's apple, wrinkle, fold in skin of neck

What words describe the parts of a person's face?

facial, thin (face), high (forehead), thick (eyebrows), long (eyelashes), beady (eyes), stubby (nose), fleshy (cheeks), narrow (mouth), double chin

2.1.1.1 Eye

Use this domain for words related to the eye.

What words refer to an eye?

eye,

What are the parts of the eye?

eyebrow, brow, eyelash, lash, eyelid, lid, pupil, cornea, iris, white, eyeball, ball of the eye, corner of the eye, tear duct, retina, eye socket,

What words describe a person's eyes?

bloodshot, bleary, bleary-eyed, beady eyes, thick (eyebrows), long (eyelashes), blue-eyed, cross-eyed,

What do the eyes do?

see, cry, water,

What words refer to the eyes moving?

look cross-eyed, roll, flicker, raise, lower, glaze,

What words refer to the eyelids moving?

blink, wink, close, open, squint, open wide (in amazement), bat (eyelids), flutter,

What do people do to their eyes?

rub (your eyes), cover (your eyes)

What do the eyes produce?

tears,

What words refer to the material that collects in the corner of the eyes while sleeping?

sleep, sand, matter

What words refer to the pupil of the eye getting bigger or smaller?

dilate

What words describe something to do with the eyes?

optic, retinal,

2.1.1.2 Ear

Use this domain for words related to the ear.

What words refer to an ear?

ear,

What are the parts of the ear?

earlobe, lobe, inner ear, eardrum, tympanum, Eustachian tube, auditory nerve, canal, cochlea,

What words describe a person's ears?

stick out,

What do the ears do?

hear,

What words refer to the ears moving?

wiggle,

What do people do to their ears?

scratch, pick (your ear), clean, cup (put hand behind to help hearing), pierce (for earrings),

What do people do to their ears so they won't hear something?

plug your ears, cover your ears, stuff cotton in your ears, stick your fingers in your ears, earplugs

What do the ears produce?

wax, earwax,

What do people use to clean their ears?

Q-tip

What words describe something to do with the ears?

aural,

2.1.1.3 Nose

Use this domain for words related to the nose.

What words refer to the nose?

nose,

What are the parts of the nose?

nostril, bridge, septum, sinus, nasal passage, mucous membrane,

What words describe a person's nose?

pointed, flat, turned-up, snub-nosed, stubby, wide, long, upturned, hooked, aquiline,

What does the nose do?

smell, breathe,

What words describe the way air moves through the nose?

sneeze, sniff, sniffle, snort, snuffle, wheeze

What words refer to the nose moving?

nostrils flare, wrinkle your nose,

What do people do to their nose?

hold your nose, pierce (the septum), put a ring in (the nose)

What words describe something to do with the nose?

nasal,

2.1.1.4 Mouth

Use this domain for words related to the mouth. Do not use this domain for words referring to eating, drinking, or speaking.

Louw Nida Codes:

23B Processes Involving the Mouth, Other Than Eating and Drinking x

What words refer to the mouth?

mouth,

What are the parts of the mouth?

lip, tongue, tooth, gum, uvula, palate, alveolar ridge, mouth cavity, roof, velum, throat,

What words describe a person's mouth?

narrow, curved, thin lips, thick lips,

What do people do with their mouth?

breathe, talk, eat, taste, clear your throat, suck, blow, kiss, gag,

What words refer to moving the mouth?

open, close, smile, purse your lips,

What words refer to yawning?

yawn, yawn (n),

What words refer to vomiting?

vomit (v), vomit (n), regurgitate, disgorge, heave, retch, throw up,

What do people do with their tongue?

lick, lick your lips, stick your tongue out, click your tongue, bite your tongue,

What do people do to their mouth?

wipe, cover, gag someone,

What words describe something to do with the mouth?

oral, orally, labial, palatal, velar,

2.1.1.5 Tooth

Use this domain for words related to the teeth.

What words refer to a tooth?

tooth, incisor, canine tooth, molar, wisdom tooth, milk tooth, baby tooth,

What are the parts of a tooth?

enamel, root, crown, ivory,

What words describe a person's teeth?

even, crooked, decayed, white, yellow,

What do the teeth do?

bite, chew,

What words refer to moving the teeth against each other?

grind, gnash,

What do people do to their teeth?

pick,

What words describe something to do with the teeth?

dental,

2.1.2 Torso

Use this domain for the parts of the torso.

What words refer to the torso?

body, trunk, torso, abdomen, abdominal,

What are the parts of the torso?

shoulder, chest, breast, bust, nipple, teat, bosom, stomach, belly, tummy, navel, belly button, back, lower back, rear end, buttock, bottom, behind, side, waist, middle, hip, girdle, groin, hollow part of hip, anus, lumbar, midriff, pectoral, pubis, thorax, thoracic,

2.1.3 Limb

Use this domain for words referring to a limb--either an arm or a leg.

What words refer to a limb?

limb, extremity, arms and legs

2.1.3.1 Arm

Use this domain for the parts of the arm.

What words refer to the arm?

arm

What are the parts of the arm?

shoulder, armpit, upper arm, elbow, funny bone (nerve in elbow), forearm, lower arm, wrist,

What words refer to the hand?

hand, right hand, left hand, heel of hand, palm, back of hand

What words refer to a part of an arm when it is in a particular position?

crook (of the arm when it is bent), fist,

2.1.3.2 Leg

Use this domain for the parts of the leg and foot.

What general words refer to the entire leg?

leg

What are the parts of the leg?

upper leg, groin, thigh, knee, kneecap, lower leg, calf, shin, ankle, 'wing', foot, heel, sole, ball of foot, the outside part of foot, instep, arch, shank,

What words refer to a part of a leg when it is in a particular position?

lap,

What words describe a person's legs?

pigeon toed, knock-kneed, bow-legged, flat-footed,

2.1.3.3 Finger, toe

Use this domain for words related to the fingers and toes.

What general words refer to the fingers and toes?

finger, toe, digit,

What are the names of each finger?

thumb, index finger, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, little finger

What are the names of each toe?

big toe, first toe, middle toe, third toe, little toe

What words refer to the parts of a finger or toe?

knuckle, fingertip, fingerprint,

What words refer to a fingernail or toenail?

nail, fingernail, toenail

What are the parts of a fingernail?

cuticle, root

2.1.4 Skin

Use this domain for words related to the skin.

What general words refer to the skin?

skin, hide, dermis, epidermal, epidermis, pore

What words refer to thick skin?

callus, calloused,

What words refer to a line in the skin?

line, wrinkle, fold, crease,

What words refer to spots on a person's skin?

spot, freckle, birthmark, wart, corn, mole, blemish, blotch, scar,

What words refer to small sores in the skin?

pimple, acne, zit, whitehead, blackhead,

What words refer to the color of a person's skin?

skin color, coloring, complexion, pigment,

What words describe the color of a person's skin?

flesh (colored), white, black, blotchy, red, bloom, blush, fair, dark, florid, glowing, sanguine, swarthy, albino,

What words describe the color of a person's skin when they are sick or afraid?

pale, anemic, ashen, bloodless, cadaverous, deathly, flushed, ghastly, lurid, pallid, pallor, pale-faced, pale as death, pale as a ghost, pasty, sallow, wan, white as a sheet, go white, turn blue,

What words describe the condition of a person's skin?

skin condition, clear, oily, dry, cracked, loose, smooth, soft, rough, flake, scale, peel, scarred,

What words describe your skin when you have been in the sun?

sunburn, tan, tanned, suntan, burn, blister,

What words refer to the small bumps on your skin when you are cold, ill, or frightened?

goose flesh, goose pimples, goose bumps,

2.1.5 Hair

Use this domain for words related to hair.

What words refer to hair?

hair,

What word refer to one hair?

strand

What are the parts of a hair?

follicle, root, end, split end

What words refer to hair on different parts of the body?

head hair, forelock, body hair, pubic hair

What words refer to hair on the face?

beard, mustache, whiskers, sideburns, goatee, facial hair, peach fuzz

What words describe types of hair?

kinky, curl, curly, wavy, straight, coarse, fine, thick, thin,

What words describe the color of hair?

blond, red, auburn, chestnut, fair, dark, grizzled, mousy, ginger, sandy,

What words describe someone who has hair of a particular color?

blonde, brunette, redhead, towhead, redheaded, fair-haired, dark-haired, black-haired, grey-haired,

What words describe the direction hair grows on the head?

cowlick, crown

What words describe someone who has lots of hair?

hairy, bearded, bushy,

What words describe a man who has lost his hair?

bald, bald spot, thinning hair, receding hairline

What words refer to dirt in the hair?

dandruff, dander,

2.1.6 Bone, joint

Use this domain for words related to the bones and joints.

What general words refer to a bone?

bone, bony,

What words refer to the entire set of bones?

skeleton, skeletal

What words refer to specific bones?

skull, jawbone, shoulder blade, collarbone, clavicle, backbone, rib, hip, tibia, tailbone, carpal, carpus, cranium, femur, fibula, humerus, mandible, mandibular, maxillary, metacarpus, metacarpal, metatarsus, metatarsal, parietal bone, pelvis, pelvic, radius, shinbone, spine, sternum, tarsus, ulna, vertebra, vertebral,

What are the parts of a bone?

marrow

What words refer to a joint between two bones?

joint, knuckle (of finger), elbow, knee, hip, coronal suture,

What are the parts of a joint?

cartilage, tendon, fluid sack, socket, ball

What words refer to the sounds made by popping the knuckles?

to crack (your knuckles), pop

2.1.7 Flesh

Use this domain for words related to the soft tissue of the body.

What general words refer to the soft tissue?

flesh, fleshy, tissue, soft tissue

What types of soft tissue are there?

connective tissue, fat, cartilage, gland, lymph gland, membrane, fiber, sheath, vesicle,

What words refer to the muscles?

muscle, meat, muscular, biceps, triceps, extensor, retractor, gluteus, smooth muscle, sphincter, striated muscle,

What words describe someone's flesh or muscles?

muscular, firm, flabby, fleshy,

What words refer to the tendons?

tendon, ligament, sinew, hamstring

2.1.8 Internal organs

Use this domain for words referring to the internal organs.

What general words refer to the internal organs?

organ, internal organ, gut, gland, system, systemic, vascular system, vas, cortex, sac,

What are the names of each of the internal organs?

liver, hepatic, appendix, gall bladder, pancreas, pancreatic, spleen, lymphatic, lymph node, peritoneum,

What are the parts of the lungs?

lung, pulmonary system, lobe, sack, diaphragm, respiratory system,

What are the parts of the intestines?

intestine, intestinal tract, gut, bowel, small intestine, large intestine, colon, transverse colon, rectum, anus

What are the parts of the kidneys and bladder?

kidney, bladder, urethra, ureter, urinary, nephritic, renal,

What words refer to the glands?

adrenal, endocrine, pituitary, thyroid, thymus, sweat gland, salivary gland, mammary gland, hormone, hormonal,

What are the parts of the throat?

throat, trachea, esophagus, Adam's apple, bronchus, bronchial, windpipe, pharyngeal, pharynx, gullet, epiglottis, glottal, glottis, laryngeal, larynx,

What are the parts of the nervous system?

brain, spinal column, spinal cord, nerve, nervous, nerve ending, synapse, synaptic, cerebellum, cerebrum, ganglion, hypothalamus, neural, neuron,

2.1.8.1 Heart

Use this domain for functions of the heart and blood veins.

What are the parts of the heart?

heart, chamber, atrium, ventricle, valve, cardiac,

What are the parts of the blood vessels?

circulatory system, blood vessel, aorta, vein, venous, artery, arterial, capillary, jugular, pericardium, pericardial,

What words refer to the heart beating?

beat (v), thump, throb,

What words refer to the heart beating quickly?

pound, race, rapid heart beat,

What words refer to the heart beating in a bad way?

heart murmur, irregular heart beat, skip a beat,

What words refer to the heartbeat?

beat (n), heartbeat, pulse, rhythm,

What words refer to listening to the heart beating?

take someone's pulse, listen to someone's heartbeat, feel for a pulse,

What words refer to the heart moving blood?

pump,

What words refer to blood moving through the veins?

flow, circulate, blood pressure,

What words refer to the heart stopping?

stop beating, heart attack,

2.1.8.2 Stomach

Use this domain for words referring to the stomach and to the normal functions of the stomach. Do not use this domain for stomach illness.

What are the parts of the stomach?

stomach, tummy, digestive tract, lining,

What does the stomach do?

digest (food), digestion, burp, hunger, be empty, be full, distend, fill with gas

What noises does the stomach make?

rumble, grumble, gurgle

What words refer to the contents of the stomach?

contents (of the stomach), undigested food, acid, digestive juices, gas,

What words describe something to do with the stomach?

gastric, gastrointestinal, abdominal,

2.1.8.3 Male organs

Use this domain for words related to the male reproductive organs.

What general words refer to the reproductive organs?

reproductive organs, sexual organs, genitals, gonad, pubes, privates,

What words refer to the male organs?

penis, scrotum, testicle, testis, foreskin, loins

What do the male organs do?

swell, enlarge, erect, erection, ejaculate, ejaculation,

What words refer to the liquid produced?

semen, sperm, seminal,

What words describe something to do with the male organs?

reproductive, genital, sexual,

2.1.8.4 Female organs

Use this domain for words related to the female reproductive organs and a woman's monthly menstrual cycle. Some of these terms may be taboo. Care must be exercised in which terms are included in the dictionary. A group of women should decide which terms are 'public' and can go in the dictionary, and which would be considered taboo, overly crude, or embarrassing. For example some societies have been afraid that their women will be taken advantage of if these terms are known.

OMC Codes:

841 Menstruation

What words refer to the female organs?

breast, nipple, vagina, clitoris, uterus, womb, ovary, egg, vulva, labia majora, labia minora, vestibule, genitals, private parts,

What words refer to a woman's monthly menstrual cycle?

menstrual cycle

What words refer to the time of bleeding?

menstruate, period, having (your) period, time of month, menstruation,

What words refer to the discharge?

menses,

What materials are used by women to absorb the discharge?

sanitary towel, sanitary napkin, tampon, pad, menstrual cloth,

What words describe something to do with the female organs?

reproductive, genital, sexual, vaginal, menstrual,

What words refer to the time in a woman's life when she stops menstruating?

menopause,