4.1 Relationships

Use this domain for words related to relationships between people and groups of people.

OMC Codes: 
570 Interpersonal Relations
Louw Nida Codes: 
34 Association
34A Associate
89T Association
89A Relation
89Z Mediation
  • What words refer to beginning a relationship?
    get acquainted, get to know, start a relationship, develop a relationship, form an association, form a partnership
  • What words refer to the process of relating to other people?
    relate to, associate with, affiliate with, participate with, partner with, fellowship with, interact with, be acquainted with, work with, collaborate, have a relationship, going together, going out, going steady
  • What words refer to the relationship itself?
    affiliation, alliance, bonding, relationship, relation, association, comradeship, participation, partnership, interaction, fellowship, interpersonal relationship,
  • What words refer to a person in a relationship?
    associate (n), comrade, participant, partner, friend, coworker, colleague, acquaintance, ally, collaborator, fellow (student), age mate, affiliate
  • What words refer to a group of people who have a relationship?
    pair, partnership, association, fellowship,
  • What words describe a group of people who have a relationship?
    allied, bonded, related, friendly, affiliated, associated,

    • 4.1.1 Friend

    Use this domain for words related to friendship.

    OMC Codes: 
    572 Friendships
    573 Cliques
  • What words are used to describe the formation of a friendship?
    build a friendship, become friends, befriend, be friendly
  • What words are used to refer to the state of being friends?
    be friends with, going together, going out, going steady
  • What words are used to refer to the friendship itself?
    friendship
  • What words are used to refer to a person who is a friend?
    friend, pal, buddy, amigo, soul mate, mate, girlfriend, boyfriend, companion
  • What are the outward signs of friendship?
    hold hands, be together, do things together, share, give gifts, show affection
  • What words describe a friendship?
    intimate, intimacy, close, deep, long-standing, old friend, improper
  • What words describe a friendship that has gone bad?
    broken relationship, break up, strained relationship, misunderstanding, co-dependency

    • 4.1.1.1 Girlfriend, boyfriend

    Use this domain for words referring to a girlfriend or boyfriend.

  • What words refer to a girlfriend or boyfriend?
    girlfriend, boyfriend, partner, lover, mistress, old flame

    • 4.1.2 Types of people

    Use this domain for words referring to different types of people.

    Related domains: 
    2.6.5 Male, female
    2.6.4 Stage of life
    4.1.9.9 Race
    4.1.4.1 Social class
  • What words refer to male and female people?
    man, woman, boy, girl
  • What words refer to people of different ages?
    baby, child, youth, adult, elder
  • What words refer to people of different races?
    yellow, brown, Asian, black, African, white, Caucasian, red, American Indian, Indian
  • What words refer to a person whose parents are from two different races?
    half-breed,
  • What words refer to a person whose parents are from the same race?
    full-blooded,
  • What words refer to a person who belongs to your group?
    one of us, one of our own, one of ours, insider, friend
  • What words refer to a person who does not belong to your group?
    foreigner, stranger, enemy, foe

    • 4.1.2.1 Working relationship

    Use this domain for words related to a relationship between people who work together.

    Related domains: 
    4.3.4.3 Cooperate with
  • What words refer to a relationship between people who work together?
    working relationship, affiliation, association, partnership
  • What words refer to beginning a working relationship?
    form an association, form a partnership
  • What words refer to the process of relating to other people at work?
    affiliate with, partner with, work with, work together, collaborate
  • What words refer to a person you work with?
    associate (n), partner, coworker, colleague, collaborator, fellow worker, affiliate
  • What words refer to a group of people who work together?
    partnership, association, office, working group

    • 4.1.3 Know someone

    Use this domain for words referring to knowing someone.

  • What words refer to knowing someone?
    know someone
  • What words refer to knowing someone, but not knowing him well?
    know someone by sight, be acquainted with, be acquaintances, don't know well, we've met,
  • What words refer to starting to know someone after you have met them?
    get to know, get acquainted,
  • What words refer to someone you know, who is not a friend?
    acquaintance, casual acquaintance
  • What words refer to knowing about someone, whom you have not met?
    know someone's name, know of someone, have heard the name, have heard of someone, have heard about someone

    • 4.1.3.1 Meet for the first time

    Use this domain for words related to meeting someone for the first time.

  • What words refer to meeting someone for the first time?
    meet (for the first time), introduce someone, introduce oneself, introduce each other, be introduced

    • 4.1.4 Neighbor

    Use this domain for words referring to a neighbor--someone who lives nearby.

    Related domains: 
    8.5 Location
    8.5.4 Area
  • What words refer to someone who lives nearby?
    neighbor, neighbor, next door neighbor
  • What words describe a good neighbor?
    good neighbor, neighborly
  • What words indicate that someone lives nearby?
    be neighbors, live next to each other, live near each other, live in the same neighborhood, live on the same street, live nearby
  • What words refer to the area around your house?
    neighborhood, community, our street, our area, subdivision, housing development, compound, apartment complex, district, vicinity, environs

    • 4.1.4.1 Social class

    Use this domain for words related to social class.

    OMC Codes: 
    560 Social Stratification
    561 Age Stratification
    562 Gender Status
    Sex Status
    563 Ethnic Stratification
    564 Castes
    565 Classes
    566 Serfdom and Peonage
    567 Slavery
  • What words refer to social class?
    class, caste, background, status, social standing, strata
  • What words refer to a person belonging to a higher class?
    upper class, aristocracy, privileged, elite, titled, posh, your betters, rich,
  • What words refer to a person belonging to the middle class?
    middle-class, bourgeois, the bourgeoisie, white-collar
  • What words refer to a person belonging to a lower class?
    working class, lower class, the masses, blue-collar, humble, popular, underclass, your inferiors, poor,
  • What words refer to a person belonging to the same class as you?
    peer
  • What words refer to moving into a higher social class?
    move up in the world, upwardly mobile, social climber
  • What words describe a society that is not divided into classes?
    classless

    • 4.1.5 Unity

    Use this domain for words related to unity--when a group of people agree with each other and are not fighting.

    Louw Nida Codes: 
    63B Unite
  • What words refer to the unity of a social group?
    unity, oneness, integration, unification
  • What words refer to unifying a social group or more than one social group?
    unite, unify, join, merge, blend, fuse, consolidate
  • What words describe a group that is united?
    united, unified, cohesive, joined, combined, connected, undivided, one in spirit, one in purpose, single-minded
  • What words describe a person, force, or influence that unifies a group?
    unifying, uniting

    • 4.1.6 Disunity

    Use this domain for words related to disunity--when a group of people do not agree with each other and are fighting.

    Louw Nida Codes: 
    39A Opposition, Hostility
    39B Division
  • What words refer to the disunity of a social group?
    disunity, division, discord, dissidence, dissonance, friction, incompatibility, variance, dissension, dissent
  • What words refer to dividing a social group or more than one social group?
    divide, sow dissention, set at odds, pit against, part company with, have a falling out, differ, clash, disagree
  • What words describe a group that is disunited?
    disunited, divided, divided in spirit, going in different directions, discordant, out of tune, on bad terms, dissenting, factious, at odds, at cross purposes, up in arms, embroiled, torn
  • What words describe a person, force, or influence that divides a group?
    divisive, disruptive

    • 4.1.6.1 Unfriendly

    Use this domain for words related to being antisocial--when someone does not want to talk to other people or be friends with them.

    Related domains: 
    4.8.1 Hostility
  • What words describe someone who is unfriendly?
    unfriendly, cold, inhospitable, hostile, antagonistic, give someone the cold shoulder,
  • What words describe someone who does not like to be friendly and wants to be alone?
    antisocial, standoffish, distant, aloof, dour, reserved
  • What words describe a relationship that is unfriendly?
    unfriendly, cool, strained, frosty, turn sour
  • What words describe a place or situation where people are unfriendly?
    unfriendly, unwelcoming, inhospitable, impersonal, forbidding

    • 4.1.6.2 Set self apart

    Use this domain for words related to setting yourself apart from other people and not relating to them.

    Louw Nida Codes: 
    34D Limit or Avoid Association
  • What words refer to setting oneself apart from others and not relating to them?
    isolate, set self apart, remove, disengage, estrange, reserve, withdraw, quit, resign

    • 4.1.6.3 Alone

    Use this domain for words related to being alone.

    Related domains: 
    3.4.2.1.5 Lonely
    4.3.3.3 Abandon
  • What words describe a person who is alone?
    alone, on your own, by yourself, unaccompanied, marooned, isolated
  • What words refer to doing something alone?
    all by yourself, single-handed, solo, in isolation, self-made
  • What words describe someone who spends a lot of time alone?
    solitary, loner, recluse, keep to yourself
  • What words refer to the state of being alone?
    solitude, isolation, solitary confinement, privacy
  • What words describe someone who is alone and unhappy?
    lonely, lonesome
  • What words refer to feeling lonely because someone you love is not there?
    miss, want to see someone, feel lonesome, long for someone

    • 4.1.6.4 Independent person

    Use this domain for words describing an independent person--someone who does things without other people's help.

  • What words describe a person who does things without other people's help?
    independent, self-reliant, self-sufficient, individualist

    • 4.1.6.5 Private, public

    Use this domain for words describing something that is private--something that only concerns you, and for words describing something that is public--something that concerns many people.

  • What words describe something that only concerns you?
    private, secret, personal, innermost

    • 4.1.7 Begin a relationship

    Use this domain for words related to beginning a relationship.

    Louw Nida Codes: 
    34B Join, Begin To Associate
    34E Establish or Confirm a Relation
  • What words refer to beginning a relationship?
    begin a relationship, join, affiliate, associate, enlist, enroll, enter, establish, fall in with, sign up, worm your way in, hit it off,

    • 4.1.7.1 End a relationship

    Use this domain for words related to ending a relationship.

  • What words refer to ending a relationship?
    leave, walk out, desert, break up
  • What words describe a friendship that has become bad?
    broken relationship, break up, strained relationship, misunderstanding, co-dependency

    • 4.1.8 Show affection

    Use this domain for words related to showing affection.

    Louw Nida Codes: 
    34I Kiss, Embrace
  • What words refer to showing affection to someone?
    show affection, kiss, embrace, hug, hold hands, public display of affection

    • 4.1.9 Kinship

    Use this domain for general words for family relationships, not for specific terms.

    Related domains: 
    4.1 Relationships
    OMC Codes: 
    600 Kinship
    601 Kinship Terminology
    Louw Nida Codes: 
    10 Kinship Terms
  • What words are used to indicate that two people are related?
    be related (to someone),
  • What words refer to the relationship among members of a family?
    kinship, relationship, close relation,
  • What words refer to a member of your family or larger kin group?
    relative, in-law, kinsman, relation, distant relation, distantly related, extended family, folk, house, household, kin, kindred, kinfolk, kinsman, kinswoman,
  • What words refer to groups of people who are related by kinship?
    family, clan, tribe, nation
  • What words refer to a single generation?
    generation
  • What words refer to talking to someone in order to discover how you are related to them?
    (none in English)

    • 4.1.9.1 Related by birth

    Use this domain for words referring to being related by birth--when one of your ancestors and one of someone else's ancestors are the same person.

    OMC Codes: 
    602 Kin Relationships
    Louw Nida Codes: 
    10A Groups and Members of Groups of Persons Regarded as Related by Blood but without Special Reference to Successive Generations
    10B Kinship Relations Involving Successive Generations
  • What words refer to being related by birth?
    related by blood, be descended from, descent, direct line, lineal descent, consanguine,
  • What words refer to someone who is related to you by birth?
    blood relation,
  • What words refer to a listing of your ancestors?
    genealogy, lineage, pedigree, family tree,
  • What words refer to inheriting physical traits from your ancestors?
    genetics, inherit, heredity, run in the family, pass on, take after, bad blood, genes, breeding

    • 4.1.9.1.1 Grandfather, grandmother

    Use this domain for words referring to grandparents and ancestors.

    OMC Codes: 
    603 Grandparents and Grandchildren
  • What words refer to the parents of your parents?
    grandparent, grandfather, grandmother
  • What words refer to your ancestors?
    ancestor, forefather, forbearer, patriarch, matriarch, progenitor, background, origins
  • What words describe something having to do with your ancestors?
    ancestral, ancestry,

    • 4.1.9.1.2 Father, mother

    Use this domain for words related to parents.

  • What words refer to your parents?
    parent, folks,
  • What words refer to your father?
    father, dad, old man, pa, papa, sire,
  • What words do you use when talking to your father?
    Dad, Father, Daddy, Pop,
  • What words refer to your mother?
    mother, mom, mum, ma, mama
  • What words do you use when talking to your mother?
    Mom, Mum, Mother, Mommy, Mummy,
  • What words refer to the state of being a parent?
    fatherhood, motherhood, parenthood,
  • What words describe something having to do with your parents?
    parental, paternal, maternal, fatherly, motherly, parentage
  • If your father has more than one wife, what do you call his other wives?
    father's wife, second wife
  • If your father dies and your mother remarries, what do you call your mother's second husband?
    stepfather
  • If your mother dies and your father remarries, what do you call your father's second wife?
    stepmother

    • 4.1.9.1.3 Brother, sister

    Use this domain for words related to siblings.

    Related domains: 
    4.1.9.1.9 Birth order
    Louw Nida Codes: 
    10C Kinship Relations of the Same Generation
  • What words refer to the children of your father and mother?
    sibling, brother, sister
  • What words indicate the order in which your brothers and sisters were born?
    elder brother, elder sister, younger brother, younger sister
  • What words refer to the children of your father by another mother, or of your mother by another father?
    half-brother, half-sister
  • When your father or mother marries a person who already has children by a previous marriage, what words refer to those children?
    stepbrother, stepsister

    • 4.1.9.1.4 Son, daughter

    Use this domain for words referring to your children.

  • What words refer to your children?
    child, son, daughter, heir, scion, kid,
  • What words refer to all your children?
    children, family, issue, brood,
  • If you marry someone who already has children, what do you call his/her children?
    stepson, stepdaughter, stepchild,

    • 4.1.9.1.5 Grandson, granddaughter

    Use this domain for words referring to your grandchildren.

    OMC Codes: 
    603 Grandparents and Grandchildren
  • What words refer to the children of your children?
    grandchild, grandson, granddaughter
  • What words refer to your descendants?
    descendant, offshoot, offspring, posterity, progeny, line,

    • 4.1.9.1.6 Uncle, aunt

    Use this domain for words related to your uncles and aunts.

    OMC Codes: 
    604 Avuncular and Nepotic Relatives
  • What words refer to your father's brother?
    uncle
  • What words refer to your father's sister?
    aunt
  • What words refer to your mother's brother?
    uncle
  • What words refer to your mother's sister?
    aunt
  • What words refer to a brother or sister of one of your grandparents?
    granduncle, grandaunt, great-uncle, great-aunt

    • 4.1.9.1.7 Cousin

    Use this domain for words referring to your cousins.

    OMC Codes: 
    605 Cousins
  • What words refer to your father's brother's child?
    cousin
  • What words refer to your father's sister's child?
    cousin
  • What words refer to your mother's brother's child?
    cousin
  • What words refer to your mother's sister's child?
    cousin

    • 4.1.9.1.8 Nephew, niece

    Use this domain for words referring to your nephews and nieces.

  • What words refer to your brother's child?
    nephew, niece
  • What words refer to your sister's child?
    nephew, niece

    • 4.1.9.1.9 Birth order

    Use this domain for words related to birth order.

    Related domains: 
    4.1.9.1.3 Brother, sister
  • What words refer to the order in which a child was born?
    oldest, youngest, firstborn, second born, last born, middle child
  • What words refer to the only child of its parents?
    only child

    • 4.1.9.2 Related by marriage

    Use this domain for words referring to being related by marriage.

    Louw Nida Codes: 
    10D Kinship Relations Based upon Marriage
  • What words refer to being related by marriage?
    related by marriage
  • What words are used of having more than one wife?
    polygamy, multiple wives
  • What words refer to people of different tribes marrying each other?
    intermarry,

    • 4.1.9.2.1 Husband, wife

    Use this domain for words related to your spouse.

  • What words are used to refer to the person you are married to?
    spouse, husband, wife, second wife

    • 4.1.9.2.2 In-law

    Use this domain for words referring to being related by marriage.

    OMC Codes: 
    606 Parents-in-Law and Children-in-Law
    607 Siblings-in-Law
  • What words refer to being related by marriage?
    be related by marriage
  • What words refer to people who are related to you by marriage?
    in-law, father-in-law, mother-in-law, brother-in-law, sister-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law
  • What words describe the relationship between a husband's parents and his wife's parents?
  • What words describe the relationship between a husband's siblings and his wife's siblings?

    • 4.1.9.3 Widow, widower

    Use this domain for words referring to widows and widowers. Some languages also have words for a parent who has lost a child, someone who has lost a brother or sister, or a general word for someone who has lost a relative.

  • What words are used to refer to someone whose husband or wife has died?
    widow, widower, dowager,
  • What words refer to the death of a spouse?
    be widowed, widowhood, lose your husband/wife
  • What words are used when a person marries again?
    remarry, second marriage
  • When a person remarries, what words are used of their first spouse?
    first wife, first husband
  • What words refer to someone who has a relative who has died?
    bereaved,

    • 4.1.9.4 Orphan

    Use this domain for words referring to orphans.

  • What words refer to a child whose parents have died?
    orphan, fatherless, motherless
  • What words refer to being an orphan?
    be orphaned, be an orphan
  • What words refer to a place where orphans are taken care of?
    orphanage,

    • 4.1.9.5 Illegitimate child

    Use this domain for words referring to an illegitimate child.

    OMC Codes: 
    848 Illegitimacy
  • What words refer to a child who is born to an unmarried woman?
    illegitimate child, bastard
  • What words refer to a woman having a child when she is not married?
    have a child out of wedlock
  • What words refer to being a child without a father?
    be illegitimate, fatherless
  • What words refer to a married woman having a child by another man?
    (no words in English)

    • 4.1.9.6 Adopt

    Use this domain for words related to adopting a child.

    OMC Codes: 
    597 Adoption
    Louw Nida Codes: 
    35G Adopt
  • What words refer to adopting a child?
    adopt, adoption,
  • What words refer to an adopted child?
    adopted child, foster child,
  • What words refer to the parent of an adopted child?
    adoptive father, adoptive mother, foster parent

    • 4.1.9.7 Non-relative

    Use this domain for words that refer to people who are not related by blood or marriage.

    Related domains: 
    4.1 Relationships
    OMC Codes: 
    608 Artificial Kin Relationships
    609 Behavior Toward Non-relatives
  • What words are used to refer to people who are not related to you by blood or marriage?
    non-relative, unrelated, not related

    • 4.1.9.8 Family, clan

    Use this domain for words that refer to social groups composed of related people.

    OMC Codes: 
    590 Family
    144 Racial Identification
    Racial Affinities
    591 Residence
    592 Household
    593 Family Relationships
    594 Nuclear Family
    595 Polygamy
    596 Extended Families
    610 Kin Groups
    611 Rule of Descent
    612 Kindreds and Ramages
    613 Lineages
    614 Sibs
    615 Phratries
    616 Moieties
    617 Bilinear Kin Groups
    618 Clans
    619 Tribe and Nation
    Louw Nida Codes: 
    11D Ethnic-Cultural
  • What words refer to your father, mother, and siblings?
    family, nuclear family,
  • What words refer to the people who live in your house?
    household
  • What words refer to groups of people who are related to you?
    tribe, tribal, clan, race
  • What words describe something about your family?
    family, domestic, run in the family,

    • 4.1.9.9 Race

    Use this domain for words referring to different races of people--the large groups of people in the world that are different in color and appearance.

  • What words refer to a person's race?
    race, color, ethnic group, racial, racially, ethnic, ethnicity,
  • What words refer to a person's race on the basis of their color?
    yellow, brown, black, white, red,
  • What words refer to a person's race on the basis of where their ancestors were from?
    Aborigine, African, Arab, Asian, American Indian, Caucasian, Hispanic, Indian, Latin American, Native American,
  • What words refer to mixing the races?
    integration, segregation, multiracial, interracial, cosmopolitan, multicultural, mixed,